Abstract
Background. A volunteer is a person who voluntarily joins socially oriented non-profit activities, carried out by providing free assistance in various areas of the population’s life. Volunteering is usually associated with the specifics of contact with human losses and suffering, and in the event of an armed conflict, it can be accompanied by additional psychological, physical and emotional stress. During armed conflicts, volunteers are faced with a significant change in the rhythm of life for a large number of the country’s population, and in some cases, a risk to the life of the volunteer himself. In general, volunteering is characterized as highly stressful.
Aim of the study wis to analyze of the clinical picture of stress-related disorders in volunteers living in the front-line regions.
Materials & Methods. In the course of work, a comprehensive clinical-psychopathological and pathopsychological examination of 76 patients suffering from stress-related disorders and living in the front-line regions was conducted.
Results & Conclusions. The study involved the patients of both genders (40 women and 36 men), aged 25–65. The clinical structure of stress-related disorders in the examined patients was represented by post-traumatic stress disorder; adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders. The nosological structure of anxiety disorders is represented by episodic paroxysmal anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder. According to the results of the psychodiagnostic study based on the traumatic stress expressiveness scale, 63.1% of the examined men and 66.8% of the women have a partial manifestation, 36.9% and 33.2% of the examined, respectively, a full manifestation of stress disorder. In 55.6% of the examined men and 57.1% of the women, the presence of an extremely high level was noted, in 33.4% and 41.1% of the examined, respectively, an increased level of social frustration, which is due to the specificity of the psychotraumatic situation. Based on the data obtained during the research, a comprehensive personalized system was developed for the correction of stress-related disorders in the examined volunteers.
Conclusions. It can be concluded that the clinical structure of stress-related disorders in the examined volunteers is represented by post-traumatic stress disorder, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders.
Keywords: anxiety, depression, stress disorders, stress.
References
Frankenberg E, Friedman J, Gillespie T, Ingwersen N, Pynoos R, Rifai IU, at al. Mental health in Sumatra after the tsunami. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(9):1671-7. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.120915. PMID: 18633091.
Kilpatrick DG, Resnick HS, Milanak ME, Miller MW. National estimates of exposure to traumatic events and PTSD prevalence using DSM–4 and DSM–5 criteria. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2013;26(5):537-47. DOI: 10.1002/jts.21848. PMID: 24151000.
Khaustova OO. Anxiety-depressive disorders in the conditions of war distress in Ukraine. Health of Ukraine 2022;4:22-4. Available at: http://surl.li/lpfjo [in Ukrainian].
Markova MV. Poststresova psihologichna dezadaptaciya: zakonomirnosti rozvitku i specifika klinichnih proya-viv dezadaptivnih staniv u okremih specifichnih grup naselennya, vrazlivih do diyi makrosocialnogo stresu [Post-stress psychological maladaptation: patterns of development and specificity of clinical manifestations of maladaptive states in certain specific population groups vulnerable to macrosocial stress]. Kharkiv: Printing House "Madrid"; 2019. 492 p. [In Ukrainian].
Chaban OS, Khaustova OO. Medical and psychological consequences of war distress in Ukraine: what do we expect and what should be taken into account when providing medical aid? Ukrainian medical journal. 2022;4(150):11p. DOI: 10.32471/umj.1680-3051.150.232297. [In Ukrainian].
Law of Ukraine No.2849-IX on 13 Dec 2011 "On Volunteering", valid on 20 Jun 2023. Verkhovna Rada (Par-liament) of Ukraine. Legislation of Ukraine. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3236-17#Text [In Ukrai¬nian].
Markova MV, Glagolych SYu. State of the psycho-emotional sphere of volunteers whose activity is connected with assistance to the military in the area of armed actions. Psychiatry, Neurology and Medical Psychology. 2018;1(9):93-100. Available at: http://surl.li/lpgga [In Ukrainian].
Korniyevskij OA, Goryelov DM. Ukrayinskij volonterskij ruh u konteksti svitovogo dosvidu [Ukrainian volun-teer movement in the context of world experience]. Strategichni prioriteti [Strategic priorities]. 2015;1:95-100. Avail-able at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/spa_2015_1_16 [in Ukrainian].
Lazos GP. Osoblivosti emocijnih staniv volonteriv – psihologiv/psihoterapevtiv u stosunkah z postrazhdalimi [Peculiarities of emotional states of volunteer psychologists/psychotherapists in relationships with victims]. Osoblivosti stosunkiv "psihoterapevt – kliyent" u suchasnomu sociokulturnomu seredovishi: monografiya. [Peculiari-ties of the "psychotherapist-client" relationship in the modern socio-cultural environment: monograph] Ed. Kisarchuk ZG. K. Kyiv: Publishing House "Slovo"; 2017. 225 p. [In Ukrainian].
Glagolych SY. Clinical and social features of maladaptive states among volunteers, whose work is related to the support of military men in ATO zone. Psychiatry, neurology and medical psychology. 2016;3(2(6)):69-76. Availa-ble at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/psyneur_2016_3_2_12 [in Ukrainian].
Semyhina T, Pavlenko I, Ovsiannikova Y, Teslenko O. Protection of mental health in conditions of war. Trans-lation from English: Combat And Operational Behavioral Health Office of The Surgeon General United States Army Falls Church, Virginia Borden Institute Fort Detrick, Maryland; 2011. In two volumes, volume 1. Kyiv: "Nash for-mat"; 2017. 568 p. [in Ukrainian].
Voloshin PV, Maruta NO. Socialno-stresovi rozladi (klinika, diagnostika, profilaktika) [Social stress disorders (clinic, diagnosis, prevention)]. Kharkiv: IE "Strokov DV"; 2016. 335 p. Available at: http://surl.li/lpgni [In Ukraini-an].
Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Gusman FD, Charney DS, Keane TM. The Development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 1995;8(1):75-90. DOI: 10.1007/bf02105408. PMID: 7712061.
Ahaiev NA, Kokun OM, Pishko IO, Lozinska NS, Ostapchuk VV, Tkachenko VV. Collection of methods for diagnosing negative mental states of military personnel: Methodical manual. Kyiv.: NDTs HP ZSU; 2016. 234 p. [In Ukrainian].
Kukihara H, Yamawaki N, Uchiyama K, Arai S, Horikawa E. Trauma, depression, and resilience of earth-quake/tsunami/nuclear disaster survivors of Hirono, Fukushima, Japan. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014;68(7):524-33. DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12159. PMID: 24444298.
Matsumoto K, Sakuma A, Ueda I, Nagao A, Takahashi Y. Psychological trauma after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016;70(8):318-31. DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12403. PMID: 27192947.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.