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Abstract
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN SMOOTH MYOCYTES AND MACROFAGES CD16 IN PULMONARY ARTERY AND AORTA IN FETUSES AND NEWBORNS EXPOSED TO CHRONIC INTRAUTERINE HYPOXIA
Sorokina I., Markovsky V., Kaluzhyna O., Pliten O., Hol’yeva N.
Background. Oxygen deficiency, both acute and chronic, causes a variety of pathological changes in a number of organs and systems of fetuses and newborns. In particular, there are morphological changes in the vessels. Information in the available literature regarding the morphological state of smooth myocytes (SM) and cells expressing CD16 in the pulmonary artery (PA) and aorta of fetuses and newborns under such conditions of pregnancy is various and insufficient. Subjects and methods. The results of complex pathomorphological research of SM and macrophages CD16 of fetuses and newborns PA and aorta in chronic intrauterine hypoxia with the use of histological (staining with hematoxylin and eosin), immunohistochemical (MCA to Anti-Human Smooth Muscle Actin and MCA to CD16), morphometric, statistical methods are presented in the article. The investigation was performed on WAG line rats, observing all ethical norms and rules of handling of laboratory animals. The location of SM and macrophages CD16 in the wall of the PA and aorta in normal pregnancy and under oxygen deficiency, the density of their location in the field of vision (SM – ×1000, CD16 – ×600) was calculated. A comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics of the studied cells between mentioned vessels was also carried out. Results. The macroscopic examination of the wall of PA and aorta in the group of fetuses and newborns from mothers with physiological pregnancy with a magnifier (×3, 8 diopters) revealed that it was elastic, had a smooth ivorish intima. Smooth muscle cells in PA and aorta during immunohistochemical identification are determined in intima and media, as well as in the adventitial vessels of vessels. With hypoxic effect their number decreased in comparison with control group, and the number of macrophages – increased in both described vessels. Conclusions. The density of smooth myocytes (SM) location in the thickness of the wall of PA and aorta in the fetuses and newborns during the physiological course of pregnancy differs significantly from each other with dominance in the first vessel. Under the influence of experimental chronic intrauterine hypoxia in PA and aorta of fetuses and newborns a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the density of smooth muscle cells location in the field of vision compared to control group without a significant difference between the studied vessels can be observed, as well as the tendency to increase the macrophages number, which expresses the marker CD16. The latter fact can be regarded as an increase in the macrophage reaction under the described conditions.
Keywords: aorta, CD16 cells, chronic intrauterine hypoxia, experiment, pulmonary artery, smooth myocytes.
Анотація.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНІ МОРФОЛОГІЧНІ ЗМІНИ В ГЛАДКИХ МІОЦИТАХ І МАКРОФАГАХ CD16 В ЛЕГЕНЕВІЙ АРТЕРІЇ ТА АОРТІ У ПЛОДІВ ТА НОВОНАРОДЖЕНИХ ЗА УМОВ ВПЛИВУ ХРОНІЧНОЇ ВНУТРІШНЬОУТРОБНОЇ ГІПОКСІЇ
Сорокіна І., Марковський В., Калужина О., Плітень О., Гольєва Н.
Передумови. Киснева недостатність, як гостра, так і хронічна, спричиняє різноманітні патологічні зміни в багатьох органах і системах плодів та новонароджених. Зокрема, спостерігаються морфологічні зміни в судинах. Інформація в доступній літературі щодо морфологічного стану гладких міоцитів (ГM) і клітин, що експресують CD16, в легеневій артерії (ЛA) і аорті плодів та новонароджених у таких умовах вагітності, є різнобічною і недостатньою. Матеріал та методи. Результати комплексного патоморфологічного дослідження ГМ і макрофагів CD16 плодів та новонароджених в ЛА і аорті при хронічній внутрішньоутробній гіпоксії з використанням гістологічного (фарбування гематоксиліном і еозином), імуногістохімічного (МКА до Anti-Human Smooth Muscle Actin і МКА до CD16), морфометричних, статистичних методів наведені в статті. Дослідження проводиться на щурах лінії WAG відповідно всім етичним нормам і правилам поводження з лабораторними тваринами. Досліджено розташування ГM і макрофагів CD16 в стінці ЛА та аорти при нормальній вагітності і при кисневому дефіциті, щільність їх розташування в полі зору (ГM – ×1000, CD16 – ×600). Проведено порівняльний аналіз морфологічних характеристик досліджуваних клітин між зазначеними судинами. Результати. Макроскопічне дослідження стінки ЛА і аорти в групі плодів та новонароджених від матерів з фізіологічною вагітністю з лупою (×3, 8 діоптрій) виявило, що вона була еластичною, мала гладку сірувато-білувату інтиму. Гладком'язові клітини в ЛА і аорті під час імуногістохімічної ідентифікації визначаються в інтимі і медії, а також в адвентициальних судинах судин. При гіпоксичному впливі їх кількість зменшувалася порівняно з контрольною групою, а кількість макрофагів – збільшувалася в обох описаних судинах.
Висновки. Щільність розташування ГM в товщі стінки ЛА і аорти у плодів та новонароджених під час фізіологічного перебігу вагітності істотно відрізняється один від одного з переважанням в першій судині. Під впливом експериментальної хронічної внутрішньоутробної гіпоксії в ЛА і аорті плодів та новонароджених спостерігається значне (р<0,05) зниження щільності розташування ГМ у полі зору порівняно з контрольною групою без істотної різниці між досліджуваними судинами, а також тенденцію до збільшення числа макрофагів, що експресують маркер CD16. Останній факт можна розглядати як збільшення макрофагальної реакції в описаних умовах.
Ключові слова: аорта, клітини CD16, хронічна внутрішньоутробна гіпоксія, експеримент, легенева артерія, гладкі міоцити.
Аннотация.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В ГЛАДКИХ МИОЦИТАХ И МАКРОФАГАХ CD16 В ЛЕГОЧНОЙ АРТЕРИИ И АОРТЕ У ПЛОДОВ И НОВОРОЖДЕНИЙ ПРИ ВЛИЯНИИ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ВНУТРИУТРОБНОЙ ГИПОКСИИ
Сорокина И., Марковский В., Калужина О., Плитень О., Гольева Н.
Предпосылки. Кислородная недостаточность, как острая, так и хроническая, вызывает различные патологические изменения во множестве органов и систем у плодов и новорожденных. В частности, имеются морфологические изменения в сосудах. Информация в доступной литературе относительно морфологического состояния гладких миоцитов (ГM) и клеток, экспрессирующих CD16, в легочной артерии (ЛA) и аорте плодов и новорожденных при таких условиях беременности является разносторонней и недостаточной. Материал и методы. Результаты комплексного патоморфологического исследования ГМ и макрофагов CD16 у плодов и новорожденных в ЛА и аорте при хронической внутриутробной гипоксии с использованием гистологического (окрашивание гематоксилином и эозином), иммуногистохимического (MКA к Anti-Human Smooth Muscle Actin и MКA к CD16), морфометрических, статистических методов приведены в статье. Исследование проводят на крысах линии WAG, соблюдая все этические нормы и правила обращения с лабораторными животными. Изучено расположение ГМ и макрофагов CD16 в стенке ЛА и аорты при нормальной беременности и при дефиците кислорода, подсчитана плотность их расположения в поле зрения (ГМ – ×1000, CD16 – ×600). Также был проведен сравнительный анализ морфологических характеристик исследуемых клеток между упомянутыми сосудами. Результаты. Макроскопическое исследование стенки ЛА и аорты в группе плодов и новорожденных от матерей с физиологической беременностью с лупой (×3, 8 дптр) показало, что она была эластичной, имела гладкую интиму цвета слоновой кости. Гладкомышечные клетки в ЛА и аорте при иммуногистохимической идентификации определяются в интиме и медие, а также в адвентициальных сосудах сосудов. При гипоксическом воздействии их количество уменьшилось по сравнению с контрольной группой, а количество макрофагов – увеличилось в обоих описанных сосудах. Выводы. Плотность расположения гладких миоцитов (ГМ) в толще стенки ЛА и аорты у плодов и новорожденных во время физиологического течения беременности значительно отличается друг от друга с доминированием в первом сосуде. Под влиянием экспериментальной хронической внутриутробной гипоксии в ЛА и аорте у плодов и новорожденных наблюдается достоверное (р<0,05) уменьшение плотности расположения гладкомышечных клеток в поле зрения по сравнению с контрольной группой без существенной разницы между изученными сосудами, а также наблюдается тенденция к увеличению числа макрофагов, которое экспрессируют маркер CD16. Последний факт можно рассматривать как усиление макрофагальной реакции в описанных условиях.
Ключевые слова: аорта, клетки CD16, хроническая внутриутробная гипоксия, эксперимент, легочная артерия, гладкие миоциты.
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