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Abstract
RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF A MIXED EFFECT OF WORKPLACE HAZARDS ON THE STATE OF HEALTH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING WORKERS Pertsev D.P., Zavgorodnii І.V., Chehovskaya І.N. Kharkiv national medical university, Kharkiv, Ukraine Abstract. The necessity of studying qualitative and quantitative characteristics of a complex of workplace factors of modern mechanical engineering is substantiated. A potential possibility of a mixed effect of chemical and physical hazards on the workers’ organism is found out. Higher levels of MTD, which can be caused by reduced adaptive abilities of the workers’ organism, serve as the criterion for an unfavourable influence of a complex of workplace hazards (chemical pollutants, noise, vibration, electromagnetic fields, hard and strenuous work). Keywords: Chemical pollutants, noise, vibration, mixed effect, morbidity with temporary disability. РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ВИВЧЕННЯ СПОЛУЧЕНОЇ ДІЇ ВИРОБНИЧИХ ЧИННИКІВ НА СТАН ЗДОРОВʼЯ РОБІТНИКІВ МАШИНОБУДІВНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА Перцев Д.П., Завгородній І.В., Чеховська І.М. Харківський національний медичний університет, м. Харків, Україна Резюме: Обґрунтована необхідність вивчення якісних та кількісних характеристик комплексу виробничих чинників сучасного машинобудівного виробництва. Встановлена потенційна можливість сполученого впливу хімічних та фізичних чинників на організм робітників. Критерієм несприятливого впливу комплексу виробничих чинників (хімічних забруднювачів, шуму, вібрації, електромагнітних полів, важкості та напруженості праці) є підвищені рівні ЗТВП, що може обумовлюватись зниженням адаптаційних можливостей організму робітників. Ключові слова: хімічні забруднювачі, шум, вібрація, сполучена дія, захворюваність з тимчасовою втратою працездатності. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ СОЧЕТАННОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ФАКТОРОВ НА СОСТОЯНИЕ ЗДОРОВЬЯ РАБОЧИХ МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА Перцев Д.П., Завгородний И.В., Чеховская И.Н. Харьковский национальный медицинский университет, г. Харьков, Украина Резюме: Обоснована необходимость изучения количественных и качественных характеристик комплекса производственных факторов современного машиностроительного производства. Установлена потенциальная возможность сочетанного влияния химических и физических факторов на организм работающих. Критерием неблагоприятного воздействия комплекса производственных факторов (химических загрязнителей, шума, вибрации, электромагнитных полей, тяжести и напряженности труда) являются повышенные уровни ЗВУТ, что может обусловливаться снижением адаптационных возможностей организма работающих. Ключевые слова: химические загрязнители, шум, вибрация, сочетанное действие, заболеваемость с временной утратой трудоспособности.
References
Working conditions at foundries of machine shops are characterized by the influence exerted on the workers by a complex of workplace hazards; first of all, these include unfavourable microclimate, dust, harmful chemicals (products of destruction of organic compounds and polymers), noise, local and whole-body vibrations, hard and sometimes strenuous work, as well as electromagnetic radiation for workers of some occupations.
The levels of the majority of work space hazards on permanent work places exceed hygienic regulations or are at the level of the upper border of permissible standards.
By results of the conducted observations it has been found out that within 65–87 % of the time of their working shift the workers are at their permanent work places and under the influence of work space hazards with such a possible result as a failure of the adaptive mechanisms in the workers’ organism.
When compared with machine shops, work at foundries causes a higher morbidity with temporary disability by all indices: persons, cases and days of disability, average duration of one case of disease. This difference results from more considerable values for diseases of the respiratory organs, nervous system and sense organs, alimentary organs, skin and hypodermic tissue, musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, etc.
The general rate of MTD of foundry workers is substantially caused by the effect of work space hazards, first of all microclimate, carbon monoxide and noise. Beginning from the rate of 34.85 cases in 100 workers per year, its further increase by 82 % is caused by the influence of the above workplace factors, including the following effects: microclimate – 34.4 %, carbon monoxide – 28.5 % and noise – 19.9 %.
The general rate of MTD of machine shop workers is substantially caused by the effect of work space hazards, first of all hard work, noise and MWL. Beginning from the rate of morbidity of 26.82 cases in 100 workers per year, its further increase by 76 % is caused by the influence of the above factors, where hard work increases morbidity by 33 %, use of MTD by 17 % and noise by 26 %.
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