Keywords
caries
saliva
lysozyme
immunoglobulin
How to Cite
Abstract
Background. Saliva is an important protective factor in the oral cavity that maintains dental health, promotes enamel demineralization, reduces enamel demineralization and provides local humoral protection. Important components of this environment are lysozyme and secretory immunoglobulin A. Their levels depend on individual characteristics, hygiene and nutrition and make it an important marker for assessing the risk of caries.
Aim. To investigate the state of local humoral immunity of the oral cavity in children by determining the levels of lysozyme and sIgA in the oral fluid.
Materials and Methods. To achieve this goal, we examined 215 children aged 6 years living in Bukovyna. We divided them into observation groups depending on the region of residence and the level of caries intensity.
The state of local immunity of the oral cavity was determined by the levels of sIgA and lysozyme in the oral fluid. The degree of reliability of the results was statistically assessed.
Results. As a result of immunological studies, it was found that under conditions of varying intensity of carious lesions there is a steady tendency to decrease the concentration of lysozyme in the oral fluid of children. The results are the lowest in children from Vyzhnytsia district. In children of Dniеstr district, lysozyme activity is 7.32% higher, and in children of Chernivtsi district – by 15.35% (p˂0.05). The content of sIgA in children of the Vyzhnytsia district was (0.29±0.002) μg/l, which was 6.45% and 12.12% lower than the values of children of the Dniester and Chernivtsi districts (p˂0.05). A decrease in its concentration in the oral fluid correlates with an unfavourable prognosis of the disease.
Conclusions. Thus, we found that in children with carious lesions there were changes in the system of nonspecific humoral immunity of the oral cavity.
Keywords: children, caries, saliva, lysozyme, immunoglobulin.
Archived: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15170737
References
Lyubchenko OV, Severyn LV. Biochemical indicators of oral fluid of young children with diseases of the respiratory system. ScienceRise: Medical Science. 2019;2(29):41-4. DOI: 10.15587/2519-4798.2019.161854. [In Ukrainian].
Singh S, Sharma A, Sood PB, Sood A, Zaidi I, Sinha A. Saliva as a prediction tool for dental caries: An in vivo study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2015;5(2):59-64. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2015.05.001. PMID: 26258015.
Min H, Zhu S, Safi L, Alkourdi M, Nguyen BH, Upadhyay A, Tran SD. Salivary Diagnostics in Pediatrics and the Status of Saliva-Based Biosensors. Biosensors (Basel). 2023;13(2):206. DOI: 10.3390/bios13020206. PMID: 36831972.
Alamoudi A, Alamoudi R, Gazzaz Y, Alqahtani AM. Role of Salivary Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Detection of Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(12):3080. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123080. PMID: 36553087.
Angarita-Diaz MP, Simon-Soro A, Forero D, Balcazar F, Sarmiento L, Romero E, Mira A. Evaluation of possible biomarkers for caries risk in children 6 to 12 years of age. J Oral Microbiol. 2021;13(1):1956219. DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.1956219. PMID: 34434531.
Subiksha PS, Sandhya R. Salivary Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Dental Caries – A Review Article. Int. J. Dent. Oral Sci. 2021;8:3729-33. DOI: 10.19070/2377-8075-21000764.
Letieri ADS, Freitas-Fernandes LB, Valente APC, Fidalgo TKDS, de Souza IPR. Longitudinal Evaluation of Salivary Iga-S in Children with Early Childhood Caries Before and After Restorative Treatment. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2019;43(4):239-43. DOI: 10.17796/1053-4625-43.4.3. PMID: 31094629.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.