Keywords
sports medicine
organization of health care
psychological adaptation
multidisciplinary approach
cardiac rehabilitation
How to Cite
Abstract
In press
Background. Heart failure is one of the most common complications of cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, physical rehabilitation programs aimed at improving the psychophysical state of patients are becoming increasingly relevant.
Aim. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of systematic physical exercise within a multidisciplinary outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program on the quality-of-life and psychological adaptation of patients with heart failure.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 100 patients (50 men and 50 women) with diagnosed heart failure. To assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation, the Quality-of-Life scale (QoL) and the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) were used. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel 365 (Microsoft, USA) and Statistica 10 (StatSoft, USA), with the Mann–Whitney U test for pairwise comparisons and the Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc analysis for multiple group comparisons. The study was carried out as a private initiative of the authors, without additional funding and state registration of the scientific topic.
Research Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with the basic principles of bioethics, respect for the person, confidentiality, voluntary participation, and patient safety. The participants in the experiment were informed about the details of participation in the rehabilitation program and provided written consent to participate. The results were used only for scientific purposes, with participants’ anonymity ensured.
Results. This study presents the dynamics of the quality-of-life of patients with heart failure under the influence of physical rehabilitation. A comparison of the physical (FIZ) and psycho-emotional (MENT) aspects of quality-of-life, the general quality-of-life index (QoL) and the acceptance of illness scale (AIS) between men and women was conducted. The results showed that patients who participated in the physical rehabilitation program demonstrated a significant improvement in physical performance, tolerance to stress and emotional state. According to the AIS scale, statistically significant gender differences were found (p=0.002): women reported higher rates of disease acceptance (M=[25.8±5.3]) than men (M=[22.7±6.1]), indicating better psychological adaptation of women to a chronic disease.
Conclusions. The results confirmed that it has a significant positive impact on the general condition of patients. In the control group, a less pronounced improvement in the studied indicators was observed. The study findings emphasize the importance of systematic physical activity as an integral element of heart failure treatment and is the key to successful long-term rehabilitation.
Keywords: physical therapy and rehabilitation, sports medicine, organization of health care, psychological adaptation, multidisciplinary approach, cardiac rehabilitation.
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